How does the liquid flow through a homogenising valve?

The flow rate through the valve is kept constant; therefore, as the area in the valve is reduced, the pressure in the pump increases.

According to Bernoulli's law, there is a conservation of energy before and after the valve.

Before the valve, the pressure is high and the velocity is low, representing potential energy.

After the valve, the pressure is low and the velocity is high, representing kinetic energy.

Homogenisation's work is done by the energy transitions occurring in the valve area mostly by the intense turbulence in the exiting jet